The Research Problem is the starting point of the Dissertation Proposal, so it should be well-justified and clearly articulate its contribution to scholarship, whether in Concept/Theory, Perspective/Methodology, Practice/Empirical, or Program/Policy.
The Literature Review is fundamental because the Research Problem must be grounded in the identification of Gaps. A comprehensive Literature Review plays a pivotal role in the Research Problem by rationalizing the Research Gaps and justifying the Original, Significant Contribution, either by creating novel/innovative work or by extending, improving, or advancing the scholarship. Therefore, it should be a critical, in-depth evaluation of previous authors’ work. It must show that you are making an original contribution, given the vast body of scholarly work, and situate your paper within the existing body of literature.
Always remember that if the Literature Review is strong (well-defended), the other aspects of your dissertation will follow; hence, the Research Gaps are apparent, the Research Problem is distinctive, and the contribution to novel/innovative knowledge is justified.
(Brillo 2026, 2017 [message/lecture])
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